Nissan Skyline For Sale

Nissan Skyline From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search It has been suggested that Nissan Skyline GT-R be merged into this article or section. ( Discuss ) Nissan Skyline Manufacturer Prince Nissan Production 1957-present Class Compact (1957-1989) Sport compact (1989-2002) Compact executive car (2002-present) The Nissan Skyline (スカイライン in Japanese) is a line of compact cars originally produced by the Japanese carmaker Prince Motor Company starting in 1957 and subsequently by Nissan after the two companies merged in 1966. It is currently available in either coupé , or sedan body styles, and are most commonly known by their round brake lights, with the wagon form being dropped in 1989 with the introduction of the R32 platform. Currently a type ECR33 GTS25-T is the worlds fastest Skyline, capable of running through the quarter mile traps in just over 6 seconds. Iterations R30 to R35 of the Skyline are still popular tuner cars for Japanese car enthusiasts from the 1980s to today, especially with available features such as straight-6 engines , turbochargers , and the high-performance GT-R trim . [ 1 ] While not distributed in the United States , the Skyline's prominence in video games, movies and magazines resulted in many such cars being imported there from 1999 to late 2005, after Motorex petitioned the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to allow 1990-1999 GT-Rs and GTSs to be imported, at the condition that they were modified to meet United States Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The 11th generation Skyline (V35) was a major turning point for the nameplate, as it dropped the Skyline's trademark characteristics such as the straight-6 engine and turbocharging, eventually separated the GT-R into its own line , and moved to V6-engined era, this decision which extended to all later Skylines. Nissan decided to position the Skyline for the luxury-sport market , while its platform-mate , the 350Z , revived the Z line of pure sports cars. [ 5 ] The V35 was the first Skyline made for export to North America , being sold under Nissan's luxury marque Infiniti as the G35 . The Skyline (V36/J50) is sold in North America , South Korea , Taiwan , and the Middle East as the Infiniti G37 . April 11, 2010 saw a world record for the biggest ever Nissan Skyline meet and the most ever officially recognized on a track in the Guinness Book of World Records . This took place at Silverstone, United Kingdom at the ISTS event. Contents 1 ALSID-1 1.1 ALSID-2 1.2 BLRA-3 2 S50 or BLSID 2.1 S54 2.2 S57 3 C10 3.1 2000GT-X 3.2 2000GT 3.3 GT-R 4 C110 4.1 GT-R 5 C210 6 R30 6.1 Paul Newman Version 6.2 RS 7 R31 7.1 GTS-R 7.2 Models 8 R32 8.1 GT-R 9 R33 9.1 1996 9.2 GT-R 10 R34 10.1 GT-R 11 Nissan GT-R (2007-Present) 12 V35 13 V36/J50 13.1 250GT sedan (DBA-V36, DBA-NV36) 13.2 350GT sedan 13.3 370GT coupe (DBA-CKV36) 13.4 370GT sedan (DBA-KV36) 13.5 50th Limited (2008-) 13.6 370GT crossover (DBA-J50, DBA-NJ50) 13.7 Body styles 13.8 Models 13.9 Transmissions 13.10 Marketing 14 References 15 Further reading 16 External links [ edit ] ALSID-1 ALSID-1/ALSID-2/BLRA-3 Also called Prince Skyline Production 1957-1963 33,759 units sold Body style(s) 4-door sedan 4-door delivery van 2-door coupe Layout FR layout Engine(s) 1.5 L GA-30 I4 1.5 L GA-4 I4 1.9 L GB-30 I4 Wheelbase 2,535 mm (99.8 in) Length 4,280 mm (168.5 in) Width 1,675 mm (65.9 in) Height 1,535 mm (60.4 in) Curb weight ~1300 kg (~2866  lb ) Related Prince Skyway Prince Miler Prince Skyline ALSI-2 The first Skyline was introduced in April 1957, [ 6 ] by the Prince Motor Company , and was marketed as a luxury car . It featured a 1.5 L (1482  cc ) GA-30 engine producing 44 kW (60  hp ) @ 4,400 rpm. [ 7 ] It used a de Dion tube rear suspension and was capable of 140 km/h (87 mph). The car weighed around 1300 kg. Prince Skylines were produced as four door sedans and five door station wagons. The Skyline also spawned a pickup truck called the Prince Miler and a delivery van called the Prince Skyway . [ edit ] ALSID-2 The Skyline was updated with quad headlights for 1958. This model was powered by a slightly altered 1.5 L engine known as the GA-4 OHV (1484 cc) producing about 70 hp (52 kW) @ 4800 rpm and was produced through 1961. Prince Skyline Sport BLRA-3 [ edit ] BLRA-3 The Skyline Sport featured hand-built Michelotti bodies in stylish coupe and convertible versions. These cars used the 1.9 L (1862 cc/113 in³) GB-30 engine, producing 96 hp (72 kW) and 113.5  ft·lbf (154 N m). While only a few hundred were built, Prince Motors had a very aggressive product placement group and they can be seen (along the company's mainstream models) in many Toho films of the early 1960s. [ edit ] S50 or BLSID S50/S54/S57 Also called Prince Skyline Production 1963-1968 114,238 units sold Body style(s) 4-door sedan Layout FR layout Engine(s) 1.5 L G-1 I4 (S50) 2.0 L G-7 I6 (2000GT) 1.5 L G15 I4 (S57) Transmission(s) 5-speed manual Wheelbase 2,590 mm (102.0 in) Length 4,255 mm (167.5 in) Width 1,495 mm (58.9 in) Height 1,410 mm (55.5 in) Related Prince Skyway Prince Miler In 1961 Fuji Precision Industries changed its name to Prince after the 1954 merger, and the S50 series was launched, which like its predecessor, came in sedan and wagon bodystyles. This was the second generation car, and became one of the more desirable cars in Japan. It was powered by the G-1 engine, [ 7 ] a 70 hp (52 kW) version of the old GA-4. A 1862 cc engine was also available, delivering 91 hp (68 kW). The S50 series were available with a 3-speed column shift transmission or a 4-speed floor shift transmission, as well as a 4-door sedan (S50) or a 5-door wagon (W50). In 1962, this model was restyled as the S21S series. Three models of the S50 were built: S50E (1962–1965), S50E-2 (1965–1966), and S50E-3 (1967). All three used the same engines. The S50 was further developed with new styling for 1963, and was sold in some markets with an A150 designation. The S50 was also sold as the A190D, which was equipped with a diesel engine. In 1966, Nissan and Prince merged and the S50 also appeared with Nissan Skyline badging. This model lasted in production through 1967. In 1967, the S50E-3 was introduced. It was sold as Prince Skyline, Prince A150, PMC A150, or Nissan A150. [ edit ] S54 S54 Skyline 2000GT Prince created a racing GT Skyline in May 1964. It was based on the S54 and used the larger 6-cylinder G-7 engine from the Gloria S40 , though the car needed an 8" extension to the wheelbase (all forward of the cowl/firewall) to provide space in the engine bay for the lankier in-line six. When it entered the 2nd Japanese Grand prix they hoped to win the GT-II class. Competitive against the Porsche 904 , the Skyline managed 2nd through to 6th places. Largely due to the success of the race vehicle, the Prince 2000GT (also called GT-A, GT-B, S54A and S54B) was released to the Japanese market. There were two versions produced: [ 7 ] S54A - 1988 cc G-7 single-carb I6 , 105 hp (78 kW) S54B - 1988 cc G-7 triple-carb I6 , 125 hp (94 kW) The B model featured three Weber 40DCOE-18 carburetors , a limited slip differential , 5-speed close ratio manual transmission , and power brakes. Both the B and A used front disc brakes with dual pistons and alloy finned drums in the rear. [ edit ] S57 The S50 Skyline was updated to become the S57 in 1967. It used a Nissan engine, the OHC 1.5 L (1487 cc) G15 . At 88 hp (66 kW), it was the most-powerful engine in the Japanese 1500 cc class. [ edit ] C10 C10 Also called the "Hakosuka" Skyline Production 1968-1972 310,447 units sold Assembly Oppama , Japan Tochigi, Tochigi , Japan Body style(s) 4-door sedan 5-door station wagon 2-door coupe Layout FR layout Engine(s) 1.5 L G15 I4 1.8 L G18 I4 2.0 L L20 I6 (2000GT) 2.0 L S20 I6 (GT-R) Wheelbase 2,640 mm (103.9 in) (sedan) Length 4,430 mm (174.4 in) (sedan) Width 1,595 mm (62.8 in) Height 1,405 mm (55.3 in) (sedan) Related Nissan Laurel The C10 series of 1968, which began its development under Prince at the company's Opama R&D centre in the suburbs of Tokyo, was marketed with a Nissan badge. By the time the C10 went on sale, the Prince nameplate had been completely phased out on cars and trucks. The dealer network selling the cars became the Prince channel of Nissan, and the marketing group stayed at the Prince headquarters in Mita instead of moving to Nissan's headquarters in Ginza. The C10 Skyline was launched with Nissan's 1.5 L OHC G15 I4 like the S57. A 1.8 L G18 version was also available. A station wagon variant, known previously as the Prince Skyway , was offered with this generation. A hardtop coupé was introduced in 1970. [ edit ] 2000GT-X Skyline 2000 GT-X (coupe) In 1971, the KGC10 2000GT-X received a 2.0 L (1998 cc) L20 I6 engine. The chassis was already designed to receive a straight six, to avoid the S54 extension problem. 120 hp (78 kW) was available from this new engine, in 1972 Nissan introduced 4 Door Sedan GT-X. [ edit ] 2000GT Skyline 2000 GT-X (sedan) The following year, the GC10 2000GT received a 2.0 L (1998 cc) L20 I6 engine. The chassis was already designed to receive a straight six, to avoid the S54 extension problem. 105 hp (78 kW) was available from this new engine, in 1970 Nissan production Skyline 2000GT Atomatic, in October 1970 Nissan introduced 2 Door Coupe. [ edit ] GT-R Nissan Skyline KGC10 GT-X (L20 engine) The first GT-R Skyline appeared in February 1969. [ 8 ] Called the PGC-10 (KPGC-10 for later coupé version) internally and Hakosuka (ハコスカ) by fans. Hako (ハコ) means Box in Japanese, and suka （スカ） is short for Skyline (スカイライン; Sukairain ). It used the 2.0 L (1998 cc) S20 I6 . This new DOHC engine produced 160 hp (118 kW, 180 N m), and was similar to the GR8 engine used in the Nissan R380 racing car. The GT-R began as a sedan, but a 2-door coupé version was debut in October 1970 and introduced in March 1971. The cars were stripped of unnecessary equipment to be as light as possible for racing, and performed well at the track. The sedan racked up 33 victories in less than two years, and the coupé stretched this to 50 through 1972. [ 8 ] The C10 raced against many cars including the Toyota 1600 GT5 , Isuzu Bellett GTR, Mazda Familia (R100) & Capella ( RX-2 ) - even Porsche . In late 1971 the new Mazda RX-3 became the GT-R's main rival. The GT-R managed a few more victories before the RX-3 ended the GT-R's winning streak. It is claimed that the art of drifting began among Japanese racers when they purposely engaged their hand brakes as a way to oversteer on their GT-Rs. [ citation needed ] One such driver who is famous for this was Kunimitsu Takahashi . Models: 1500 - 1.5 L G15 I4 , 88  hp (71 kW, 128 N m) 1500 - 1.5 L G15 I4 , 95  hp (71 kW, 128 N m) 1800 - 1.8 L G18 I4 , 105 hp (78 kW, 150 N m) 2000GT - 2.0 L L20 I6 , 120 hp (90 kW, 167 N m) 2000GT-R - 2.0 L S20 I6 , 160 hp (118 kW, 180 N m) [ edit ] C110 C110 Also called the "Ken and Mary" Skyline Production 1972-1977 670,562 units sold Assembly Tochigi, Tochigi , Japan Body style(s) 4-door sedan 2-door coupe 5-door station wagon Layout FR layout Engine(s) 1.6 L G16 I4 1.8 L G18 I4 2.0 L L20B I4 2.0 L L20A I6 2.0 L S20 I6 2.4 L L24 I6 Wheelbase 2,610 mm (102.8 in) Length 4,460 mm (175.6 in) Width 1,395 mm (54.9 in) Height 1,625 mm (64.0 in) Related Nissan Laurel C110 Nissan Skyline GT-R C110 Nissan Skyline Hardtop 2000 GTX-E ( KGC111 ) The C110 generation was produced from 1972 through 1977. For export in the 1970s, the C110 and GC110 Skyline was sold as the Datsun K-series, with models such as the Datsun 160K, 180K and Datsun 240K. The body styles were, once again, four-door sedan, two-door hardtop coupé, and five-door station wagon. The C110 was more fussy in its styling than its predecessor, particularly so in wagon form, where unusually for a wagon design, no windows were fitted between the C and D pillars. The C110 was the first version to feature the round rear lights, typical of later Skyline designs. The C110 Skyline was better known as the "Ken & Mary" or "Kenmeri" (ケンメリ) Skyline, stemming from the advertisement campaign in Japan at the time which featured a young couple (Ken and Mary) who relaxed and enjoyed the countryside in Ken and Mary's Skyline (ケンとメリーのスカイライン). The ads were highly successful and perhaps as a result the C110 was sold in very large numbers in Japan. It sold just as well in Australia (in a 2.4L 6-cylinder form, badged as "Datsun 240K") , though few survive today. There, the 240K was about the same price as a Ford Falcon GT or BMW 5 series , around $5000. [ edit ] GT-R The Nissan Skyline GT-R hardtop arrived in September 1972 but only lasted until March 1973, when Nissan ceased its production. The oil crisis saw many people preferring economy cars and high-performance sports cars were looked down upon. Nissan pulled out of Motor Racing, so there was no purpose to the GT-R. It was not officially exported anywhere, although Nissan contemplated exporting to Australia. Only 197 KPGC110 GT-Rs were ever sold in Japan, [ 9 ] through specialist Nissan Performance shops (before it was called NISMO). This was the last GT-R for 16 years until the BNR32 in 1989. Models: 1600GT - 1.6 L G16 I4 1800GT - 1.8 L G18 I4 2000GT-X - 2.0 L L20A I6 , 130 hp (96 kW, 172 N m) 2000GT-R - 2.0 L S20 I6 , 160 hp (118 kW, 180 N m) [ edit ] C210 C210 Also called SKYLINE JAPAN Production 1977-1981 539,727 units sold Assembly Tochigi, Tochigi , Japan Body style(s) 4-door sedan 2-door coupe 5-door station wagon Layout FR layout Engine(s) I4 1.6 L L16T 1.8 L L18T 1.6 L Z16S 2.0 L Z20E 2.0 L Diesel LD20 I6 2.0 L L20E 2.0 L L20ET 2.8 L Diesel LD28 Wheelbase 2,615 mm (103.0 in) Length 4,600 mm (181.1 in) Width 1,625 mm (64.0 in) Height 1,390 mm (54.7 in) Related Nissan Laurel C211 Nissan Skyline 2000 GT-EX (Hardtop) The succeeding C210/211 and GC210/211 of 1977 continued to split the Skyline range into basic and six-cylinder models, the latter with a longer front end. This line continued through 1981. The Datsun C211 240K/280K and 240C/280C variants continued for export. A rare variant would be the wagon version, which had a unique styling treatment behind the rear doors, of a much smaller window than usual between the C and D pillars. The GT-EX replaced the GT-R with a turbocharged engine, the L20ET . This was the first turbo engine to power a Japanese production vehicle [ citation needed ] . One notable aspect of the turbo versions was that they were not intercooled and there was no form of blowoff valve , only an emergency pressure release valve. The "T" designation on the L16T and L18T does not signify a turbocharger was included; it denotes that those engines came with twin carburetors . Models: 1600TI - 1.6 L L16T I4 , 95 hp (71 kW, 132 N m) 1800TI - 1.8 L L18T I4 , 115 hp (86 kW, 152 N m) 2000GT-EL - 2.0 L L20E I6 , 130 hp (97 kW, 167 N m) 2000GT-EX - 2.0 L L20ET turbo I6 , 145 hp (108 kW, 206 N m) [ edit ] R30 R30 Also called New-man SKYLINE(1983-1985) Production 1981-1985 406,432 units sold Assembly Tochigi, Tochigi , Japan Body style(s) 4-door sedan 2-door coupe 5-door hatchback 5-door station wagon Layout FR layout Engine(s) 1.8 L Z18S I4 1.8 L CA18E I4 2.0 L Z20E I4 2.8 L LD28 I6 2.0 L L20E I6 2.0 L L20ET I6 2.4 L L24E I6 2.8 L L28E I6 2.0 L FJ20E I4 2.0 L FJ20ET I4 Wheelbase 2,615 mm (103.0 in) Length 4,620 mm (181.9 in) Width 1,675 mm (65.9 in) Height 1,385 mm (54.5 in) Related Nissan Laurel R30 EX Skyline 1981–1983 Nissan Skyline (R30) 2.4E sedan (Australia) The names were brought into line with the home Japanese and worldwide markets with the launch of the R30 series in August 1981, which was built on a C31 Laurel platform. Unlike preceding generations, four and six-cylinder versions now shared a front end of the same length. The R30 was available as a two door hardtop coupe , a four door sedan , a five door hatchback (available only in the R30 generation) or a four door station wagon . In all, there were 26 variations of the R30 Skyline available. All versions with the exception of the wagon were usually fitted with the four round tail lights that had become a regular feature to the Skyline's design. The wagon was the ugly duckling of the range, having different tail lights, headlights and no turbo or 6-cylinder versions available - it more closely resembled a Nissan Sunny than a Skyline. The two door coupe had pillarless doors and the unusual feature of roll-down quarter windows for the rear seat passengers (a styling feature of the previous C10, C110 and C211 coupes), while four door versions all had traditional framed windows. Notably, configurations of the R30 sold in Australia and New Zealand were missing the traditional hotplate tail lights, instead opting for more conventional styling. Various engine configurations were available, initially ranging from the top of the line 103 kW SOHC 6-cylinder turbo L20ET to the 4-cylinder Z18S and 6-cylinder RD28 diesel versions at the other end of the scale. The all-new 16-valve DOHC FJ20 engine debuted in late 1981, and was the first 4-cylinder engine by any Japanese manufacturer to employ more than two valves per cylinder (see below). Some of the top spec models featured adjustable suspension dampers that could be adjusted while driving, this was another first for mass produced JDM vehicles. Nissan Glorias and Laurels also used the L series engines as well as some diesel (Laurel only) variants. The R30 range was facelifted in August 1983 with various changes across the board; for example four wheel disc brakes were now standard issue, instead of being optional for lower-spec models. Trim specifications were revised and the 4-cylinder Z18S engine was replaced with the newer CA18E. Upgraded interior trim, new front and rear bumpers, door-mounted wing mirrors (replacing the old 'hockey stick' fender mirrors) and smoked tail lights rounded out the look. [ edit ] Paul Newman Version Paul Newman Version bonnet decal Also that year the Paul Newman Version R30 was released to commemorate the association between Nissan and the actor Paul Newman , who used to appear in promotional material as well as race for the company in the late 1970s - early 1980s. The Newman Skyline was simply a top spec GT-ES turbo with signature embroidery and decals, and is still sought after today amongst collectors in Japan. [ edit ] RS Facelift DR30 RS-Turbo Skyline, nicknamed "Iron Mask" for its distinctive front end treatment Although making about the same power as the L20ET-powered GT-ES models, the version of the Skyline initially known as the 2000RS was released on October 2, 1981 as more of a stripped-down lightweight racer, without as many luxury extras included (quoted curb weight was only 1,130 kg (2,500 lb)). These were equipped with the naturally aspirated 4-valve per cylinder DOHC FJ20E engine generating 110 kW (150 PS; 148 hp) of power at 6000 rpm and 181 N·m (133 lb·ft) of torque at 4800 rpm. The official Nissan chassis designation for all FJ20-powered models was DR30 . In February 1983 the DR30 range received a significant boost in performance with the introduction of the turbocharged FJ20ET engine in the 2000RS-Turbo . Front brakes were also significantly upgraded to cope with the power increase. Now with 140 kW (190 PS; 188 hp) of power at 6400 rpm and 225 N·m (166 lb·ft) of torque at 4800 rpm on tap, the FJ20ET enjoyed new-found prestige as the most powerful Japanese production engine of its era. Nissan sought to elevate the status of the DR30 Skyline as their new flagship model in light of this success, and it received a generous amount of changes to distinguish it from lesser Skyline models in August 1983. Interior equipment was significantly upgraded to now include electric windows, air conditioning and power steering as standard in the new RS-X model (for Extra) with an increased curb weight of around 1,235 kg (2,723 lb); gone were the days of the spartan, stripped-out race interior, although this could still be specified at time of purchase. But by far the most striking change to the RS was the new unique front end treatment, nicknamed Tekkamen ( 鉄仮面 ) or Iron Mask by fans for its distinctive look. The headlights were considerably slimmer, and instead of a conventional grille the bonnet now sloped down to two narrow slits above a facelifted front bumper and airdam. [ 10 ] Further changes were made in 1984, most notably the addition of an intercooler, revised compression ratios and turbocharger exhaust housing to the FJ20ET powered model, now known as the RS-Turbo C and increasing output to 151 kW (205 PS; 202 hp) of power at 6400 rpm and 245 N·m (181 lb·ft) of torque at 4400 rpm. An automatic transmission option was also added at this time, and changes to the "PLASMA Spark" ignition system followed in early 1985 towards the end of R30 production. FJ20ET Engine DR30 RS-Turbo To this day the FJ20-powered R30 Skyline remains a cult car both at home and overseas (there are still dedicated "one make" drag racing events for this model in Japan), and is credited with rejuvenating the Skyline brand in the early 1980s. It also paved the way for the eventual re-introduction of the legendary GT-R badge, markedly absent since the end of C110 Skyline production in 1973. The RS achieved moderate success in Australian Touring car racing in the mid-1980s with Nissan winning the 1986 Australian Manufacturers' Championship [ 11 ] and sharing victory in the 1987 Australian Manufacturers' Championship with BMW. [ 12 ] Models: (Japan) 1800TI - 1.8 L Z18S SOHC I4 , 105 hp (77 kW), later models 1.8 L CA18S SOHC I4 , 105 hp (77 kW) 2000TI - 2.0 L CA20E SOHC I4 2000TI - 2.0 L Z20E SOHC I4 280D GT - 2.8 L LD28 SOHC I6 Diesel 2000GT and Passage - 2.0 L L20E SOHC I6 2000GT Turbo , Passage and Paul Newman Version - 2.0 L L20ET turbo I6 , 140 hp (103 kW, 206 N m) RS - 2.0 L FJ20E DOHC I4 , 150 hp (112 kW, 181 N m) RS-X and RS-X Turbo C - 2.0 L FJ20ET DOHC turbo I4 , 190 to 205 hp (140 to 151 kW, 225 to 245 N m) [ edit ] R31 R31 Also called 7th SKYLINE(1985-1987) Production 1985-1989 309,716 units sold Assembly Tochigi, Tochigi , Japan Body style(s) 4-door sedan 4-door hardtop 2-door coupe 4-door station wagon Layout FR layout Engine(s) 1.8 L CA18I I4 2.0 L CA20E I4 2.0 L RB20E I6 2.0 L RB20ET I6 2.0 L RB20DE I6 2.0 L RB20DET I6 2.0 L RB20DET-R I6 3.0 L RB30E I6 2.8 L Diesel RD28 I6 Wheelbase 2,615 mm (103.0 in) Length 4,650 mm (183.1 in) Width 1,690 mm (66.5 in) Height 1,385 mm (54.5 in) Related Nissan Laurel Nissan Leopard F31 Nissan Pintara The R31 Skyline of 1986 was a natural evolution on the R30 shape, and also this one was loosely based on the Laurel platform (C32). The design was slightly larger and squarer than previous Skylines. It was available as a Sedan, Hardtop sedan, Coupe and station wagon. Affectionately known as the "Seventhsu" or simply "7th Sukairain" by owners, due to it being the 7th generation Skyline. 1988–1990 Nissan Skyline (R31) Executive sedan (Australia) 1988–1990 Nissan Skyline (R31) GXE station wagon (Australia). R31 Nissan Skyline Coupe 2000 GTS-R Nissan R31 Skyline Silhouette GTS2. 200 examples were built by the Special Vehicles Division of Nissan Australia in 1989. The R31 Skyline introduced many new technologies and features. The HR31 was the first Skyline to be equipped with the new RB-series of engines. The R31 RB engines are often referred to as "Red Top" engines because of the red cam covers. There were three variants. The earliest series of DOHC RB engines used the NICS (Nissan Induction Control System) injection system with 12 very small intake runners, and a butterfly system to divide the intake ports in half for better low RPM performance. Later versions used ECCS (Electronically Concentrated Control System) engine management, discarded the twelve tiny runners for six much larger ones (though they retained twelve ports on the head, so there was a splitter plate), and received a slightly larger turbocharger. Nissan's RD28 , a 2.8 straight-6 engine, featured for a diesel option. Another technological first for the R31 was the introduction of Nissan's proprietary 4-wheel steering system, dubbed HICAS (High Capacity Active Steering). The R31 series were also the only models in the Skyline family to feature a 4-door hardtop variation. These models were generally badged as the Passage GT . The R31 Skyline was also produced in Australia, with a 3.0 L motor (RB30E) available in sedan or wagon form, as well as a four-cylinder version called the Nissan Pintara . The wagon had the same front style as the coupe and sedan—the only difference being that it lacked the four round brake lights that had been a consistent element of Skyline design (except for the R31 series one/two which had rectangular taillights with a solid bar through the centre which was also shared by the Pintara). These cars were manufactured in Australia due to the heavy import laws which made it expensive to bring cars into Australia. 29,305 R31 Skylines were also manufactured and sold in South Africa in 4-door sedan form between 1987 and 1992. These were the last Skylines seen in South Africa. Power came from either the RB30E 3.0 straight-6 motor, RB20E 2.0 straight-6 motor or the CA20S 4-cylinder powerplant. [ edit ] GTS-R The ultimate version of the R31 was the RB20DET-R powered HR31 GTS-R Coupe of which 800 units were built to allow homologation for Group A Touring Car racing. It had a reworked version of the normal RB20DET with a much larger turbocharger on a tubular steel exhaust manifold, as well as a much larger front mounted intercooler boosting power to a factory claimed 210 ps (154 kW), with racing versions making over 430 hp (321 kW) in Group A trim. [ edit ] Models 'Japan' 1800 C, 1800 EXCEL and 1800 PASSAGE - 1.8 L CA18S SOHC I4 , 90 hp (66 kW) GT EXCEL D, GT PASSAGE D - 2.8 L Diesel RD28 SOHC I6 , 92 hp (68 kW, 173 N m) GT EXCEL, GT PASSAGE - 2.0 L RB20E SOHC I6 , 128 hp (96 kW) GT EXCEL TWIN CAM 24V, GT PASSAGE TWIN CAM 24V - 2.0 L RB20DE DOHC I6 , 155 hp (114 kW) GT PASSAGE TURBO - 2.0 L RB20ET SOHC turbo I6 , 167 hp (125 kW, 206 N m) GT PASSAGE TWIN CAM 24V TURBO - 2.0 L RB20DET DOHC turbo I6 , 180 hp (133 kW, 225 N m) GTS - 2.0 L RB20DE DOHC I6 , 155 hp (114 kW) GTS Turbo - 2.0 L RB20DET DOHC I6 , 180 hp (133 kW, 225 N m) GTS-X - 2.0 L RB20DET DOHC turbo I6 , 190 hp (141 kW, 240 N m) GTS-R - 2.0 L RB20DET-R DOHC turbo I6 , 210 hp (154 kW, 245 N m) GTS Autech - 2.0 L RB20DET-R DOHC turbo I6 , 210 hp (154 kW, 245 N m) 'Australia' Pintara - 2.0 L CA20E I4 , 102 hp (78 kW, 160 N m) GX, Executive, GXE, Silhouette, Ti - 3.0 L RB30E SOHC I6 , 155 hp (114 kW, 247 N m) Silhouette GTS1 - 3.0 L RB30E SOHC I6 , 176 hp (130 kW, 255 N m) Silhouette GTS2 - 3.0 L RB30E SOHC I6 , 190 hp (140 kW, 270 N m) 'South Africa' 2.0GL, 2.0GLE - 2.0 L CA20S I4 , 106 hp (78 kW, 163 N m) 2.0SGLi - 2.0 L RB20E SOHC I6 , 115 hp (85 kW, 174 N m) 3.0SGLi - 3.0 L RB30E SOHC I6 , 171 hp (126 kW, 260 N m) [ edit ] R32 R32 Also called SKYLINE, BNR32(1989-1991) Production 1989-1994 296,087 units sold GT-R's Standard-40390 Nismo-560 V-Spec-1453 V-SpecII-1303 N1-228 Assembly Tochigi, Tochigi , Japan Body style(s) 4-door sedan 2-door coupe Layout Front engine , rear-wheel drive / all-wheel drive Engine(s) 1.8  CA18I I4 2.0 L RB20E I6 2.0 L RB20DE I6 2.5 L RB25DE I6 2.0 L RB20DET I6 2.6 L RB26DETT I6 (GT-R, GTS-4R) Transmission(s) 5-speed automatic 5-speed manual Wheelbase 2,615 mm (103.0 in) Length 4,580 mm (180.3 in) (sedan) Width 1,695 mm (66.7 in) Height 1,340 mm (52.8 in) (sedan) Curb weight 1,280 kg (2,821.9 lb) (type-m) 1,430 kg (3,152.6 lb) (GT-R, GTS-4R) Related Nissan Laurel Nissan Cefiro R32 Nissan Skyline GT-R Veilside R32 Evolution III GTR - ARKHAM The HCR32 Skyline debuted in May 1989. It was available as either a 2-door coupe or 4-door hardtop sedan, all other bodystyles were dropped. The R32 featured several versions of the RB-series straight-6 engines, which had improved heads (the twelve port inlet was gone) and used the ECCS (Electronically Concentrated Control System) injection system. Also available were an 1,800 cc 4 cylinder GXi model. Most models had HICAS four-wheel steering, with the rear wheels being hydraulically linked to the front steering. The 2.5 litre version became one of the first production cars to feature a 5-speed automatic transmission. The GTS-t Type M included larger five-stud 16 inch wheels, four piston front callipers and twin piston rears. ABS was optional (except for the GT-R), viscous LSD was standard on all turbo models and optional on all but the GXi. Nissan also produced 100 Australian models of the R32. These were the only non-Japan only Skylines ever produced. There was also a 4WD version of the GTS-t Type M, called the GTS-4. R32 Models: GXi Type-X - 1.8 L CA18i I4 , 91 hp (67 kW) GTE Type-X - 2.0 L RB20E I6 , 125 hp (93 kW, 152 N m) GTS Type-X, S, J - 2.0 L RB20DE I6 155 hp (115 kW, 154 N m) GTS-25 Type-X, S, XG - 2.5 L RB25DE I6 , 180 hp (134 kW, 231 N m) GTS-t Type-M - 2.0 L RB20DET turbo I6 , 212 hp (158 kW, 265 N m) GTS-4 - 2.0 L RB20DET turbo I6 , 212 hp (158 kW, 265 N m) Autech Skyline - 2.6 L RB26DE I6 , 217 hp (162 kW, Autech Version - auto only) GT-R - 2.6 L RB26DETT twin-turbo I6 , 276 hp (280ps) (206 kW, 368 N m) also NISMO,N1, V-Spec, and V-Spec II variants. NISMO S-Tune [ edit ] GT-R The GT-R returned with twin ceramic turbochargers , all-wheel steering , electronically controlled all wheel drive , and 276 hp (206 kW) at 6800 rpm. [ 13 ] The RB26DETT engine actually produced ~320 hp, but it was unstated due to the Japanese car makers' " gentlemen's agreement " not to exceed 206 kW (276 hp). The engine was designed for ~500 hp in racing trim, [ 14 ] and then muzzled by the exhaust, boost restriction, and ECU. The electronic boost control had a small physical restriction in the control lines. It was marked in yellow so the new owner could remove it and enjoy a safe factory boost increase. [ 15 ] After this increase the car would put out ~310 hp (~230 kW) and could do 0–100 km/h in 4.7seconds and quarter mile in 12.8 seconds. [ citation needed ] The GT-R had a significantly larger intercooler, larger brakes, and aluminium front guards and bonnet. Other distinguishing features include flared front and rear wheel arches. More supportive seats were fitted, and the turbo boost gauge and digital clock were removed from inside the instrument cluster. The clock was replaced with a torque meter that indicated how much torque was being delivered to the front wheels (0%–50%). Oil temp, voltage, and turbo boost gauges were fitted just above the climate control. The Porsche 959 was Nissan's target when designing the GT-R. The chief engineer, Naganori Itoh, intended to use the car for Group A racing, so the design specification was drawn up in conjunction with a copy of the Group A rules. The Nordschleife production car record at the time of development was 8'45" - set by a Porsche 944 . Nissan test driver Hiroyoshi Katoh reset the record with a time of 8'20". [ 16 ] Best Motoring managed 8'22"38. [ 17 ] The R32 GT-R dominated Japanese Touring Car Championship (JTCC), winning 29 races from 29 starts, taking the series title every year from 1989 to 1993. [ 18 ] It took 50 races from 50 starts from 1991 to 1997 (latterly R33) in the N1 Super Taikyu . The R32 GT-R was introduced in to the Australian Touring Car Championship in 1990 and promptly ended the reign of the previously all-conquering Ford Sierra Cosworth, winning Bathurst 1000 classic in 1991 and 1992. This success led to the Australian motoring press nicknaming the car Godzilla due to it being a "monster from Japan". As Australia was the first export market for the car the name quickly spread. Such was GT-R's dominance that it was a significant factor in the demise of Group A Touring Car racing, the formula being scrapped soon after. JTCC was similarly blighted by the R32 GT-R, and splintered soon after, leading to the switch to the Supertouring category and also indirectly to the GT500 category of today. When originally designed, the homologation rulebook mandated 16-inch wheels, so that's what the GT-R got. This limited the size of the brakes, and the Nissan four pots weren't really up to competition use. A later change in rules allowed 17-inch wheels, so in February 1993 the GT-R V-spec (for Victory) emerged wearing 17" BBS mesh wheels(225/50/17) covering larger Brembo brakes. The clutch actuation changed from a push to a pull system, the car had the standard rear differential, the electronic rear differential did not show up until the R33 Vspec. A year later the V-Spec II appeared with a new sticker and wider tires(245/45/17). [ 19 ] [ edit ] R33 R33 Production 1993-1998 217,133 units sold Assembly Tochigi, Tochigi , Japan Body style(s) 4-door sedan 2-door coupe Layout Front engine , rear-wheel drive / all-wheel drive Engine(s) 2.0 L RB20E I6 2.5 L RB25DE I6 2.5 L RB25DET I6 2.6 L RB26DETT I6 (GT-R) 2.8 L RBX-GT2 I6 (400R) Transmission(s) 4-speed automatic 5-speed manual 5-speed automatic Wheelbase 2,720 mm (107.1 in) Length 4,720 mm (185.8 in) (sedan) Width 1,720 mm (67.7 in) Height 1,360 mm (53.5 in) (sedan) Curb weight 1,390 kg (3,064.4 lb) (GTS25-T) 1,530 kg (3,373.1 lb)(GT-R) Related Nissan Laurel Nissan Stagea 1993–1996 Nissan Skyline (R33) GTS25t sedan R33 Skyline interior. The R33 Skyline was introduced in August 1993. Slightly heavier than the R32, it is available in coupe and sedan bodystyles. All models now used a 6-cylinder engine. Nissan took the unusual step of down-grading the GTS model to have only the RB20E , while the twin-cam of the R32 GTS was discontinued along with the 2.0 L turbo RB20DET . Some models came equipped with a new version of the HICAS 4-wheel steering system called Super HICAS . This computer controlled system was first used on the R32 GTR. Super HICAS used electric actuators to steer the rear, as opposed to the hydraulic HICAS. This generation was no longer considered a "compact" under Japanese legislation that determined the amount of tax liability based on exterior dimensions. As an option, an active limited slip differential was available instead of the standard viscous LSD. This new unit locked the rear differential if it detected that traction was lost by one of the wheels. A light on the dash also lit up if the LSD engaged. Active LSD came standard on all V-spec R33 GT-R Skylines and was also available on some ECR33 GTS25t models; these can be identified by the A-LSD and SLIP lights on the tachometer. The RB25DE and RB25DET engines also became equipped with NVCS (variable inlet cam phasing). NVCS equipped RBs have a bulge on the front of the cam cover. To celebrate their 40th anniversary, Nissan introduced a very rare 4 door GT-R. Two versions of the 4-door GT-R were available from Nissan's subsidiaries: the first was produced by Autech , and the second was a joint Autech / Nismo project. An R33 based wagon was released in September 1996, called the Stagea . It had a different body style than the R33 and R34 and (with the exception of the RS FOUR & Autech variants) was only available with an automatic transmission. A common modification on the Stagea is to fit it with an R34 skyline front, in effect making a 4 door R34 wagon. The Stagea is the only all wheel drive manual transmission Nissan on the R33 platform with the RB25DET engine. Presumably, a 5 speed AWD Skyline equipped with an RB25DET would have been too close in performance to the much more expensive GT-R. There was also an Autech Stagea, the 260RS released with full GT-R running gear, the RB26DETT engine, body kit, 17" BBS style alloys, GT-R instrumentation, and manual transmission. [ 20 ] R33 models: HR33 GTS - 2.0 L RB20E SOHC I6 , 130 PS (96 kW, 172 N m) ER33 GTS25 - 2.5 L RB25DE DOHC I6 , 190 PS (140 kW, 231 N m) ENR33 GTS-4 - 2.5 L RB25DE DOHC I6 , 190 PS (140 kW, 231 N m) AWD ECR33 GTS25T - 2.5 L RB25DET DOHC turbo I6 , 250 PS (184 kW, 294 N m) [ edit ] 1996 R33 Skyline GTST series 2 coupe (with a R33 GT-R Bumper. The R33 Skyline (Series 2) continued the concepts introduced in the R32. Driver and Passenger airbags became standard in 1996. As a result, pre-1996 models are barred from being imported into various countries for consumer road use as they do not meet the frontal impact standards [ citation needed ] . For the RB25DET engine the ignition system was also changed, with the ignition module no longer located on the cam covers and was instead replaced by smart ignition coils (Ignitor built into coil) and ECU. The RB25DET turbo was also given a nylon compressor wheel. Throughout the time the R33 was produced there were quite a number of different styled lights and bodykits fitted, the actual body/chassis underwent no changes. Among the cosmetic changes in the series 2 were, the headlights which tapered down more towards the grill and were fitted with improved reflectors, the grill (which was longer on the Series 1), the bonnet which had a re-shaped leading edge to fit the new lights and front bumper changing shape in the smallest amount to match the lower edge of the new headlights. Later models of the Series 2 also had the option of having an Active-LSD fitted. The R33 ceased production in March 1998 with the 40th Anniversary R33 Series 2... [ edit ] GT-R The BCNR33 GT-R version also had the same RB26DETT engine that the BNR32 was equipped with, although torque had been improved, due to changes in the turbo compressor aerodynamics, turbo dump pipe, and intercooler. The turbo core changed from a sleeve bearing to a ball bearing, but the turbine itself remained ceramic, except on N1 turbos (steel turbine, sleeve bearing). From the R33 onward, all GT-Rs received Brembo brakes. [ 21 ] In 1995 the GT-R received an improved version of the RB26DETT , the ATTESA-ETS all wheel drive system, and Super HICAS all-wheel steering. 1993–1996 Nissan Skyline (R33) GTS25t sedan A limited edition model was created in 1996, called the NISMO 400R, that produced 400 hp (298 kW) from a road-tuned version of Nissan's Le Mans engine. [ 22 ] A stronger six speed Getrag gearbox was used. An R33 GT-R driven by Dirk Schoysman lapped the Nordschleife in less than 8 minutes. Though it was often said to be the first production car to break 8 minutes, the limited run Jaguar XJ220 had already achieved a 7'46" lap. [ 23 ] Other manufacturers had caught up since the R32 was released, and the R33 never dominated motorsport to the extent of the R32. Michael Begley with the Gaijin R33 GTR [1] currently holds the European four wheel drive 1/4 mile record with a time of 8.06 @ 173 mph. This record was set at Santa Pod raceway in England. Gaijin ("the outsider") is tuned by TR Racing in Harlow Essex UK. This R33 GTR is said to have had in the region of 1400 bhp. The owner Mick Begley lives in the UK and is reportedly chasing a 7 second pass. The four wheel drive 1/4 mile world record was set by Reece McGregor over taking the haloed hks R33 setting a best time of 7:54 @ 197 mph In August 2010, Elitetech Automotive (based near Silverstone, UK) launched a low volume production run of the R33 GT-R but in LHD (left hand drive) format. First deliveries will be made in early 2011, with vehicles being sold to Europe and further afield. All standard equipment remains on the specification list of the zero compromise LHD version. GT-R - 2.6 L RB26DETT DOHC twin- turbo I6 , 305 PS (224 kW, 375 N m) (advertised as 280 PS) AWD GT-R LM - 2.6 L RB26DETT DOHC twin- turbo I6 , 305 PS (224 kW) FR NISMO 400R - 2.8 L RBX-GT2 DOHC twin- turbo I6 , 400 PS (294 kW, 478 N m) AWD 4Dr.GT-R Autech.version - 2.6 L RB26DETT DOHC twin- turbo I6 , 305 PS (224 kW, 375 N m) (advertised as 280 PS) AWD [ edit ] R34 R34 Production 1998–2002 64,623 units sold Assembly Tochigi, Tochigi , Japan Body style(s) 4-door sedan 2-door coupe Layout Front engine , rear-wheel drive / all-wheel drive Engine(s) 2.0 L RB20DE I6 (GT) 2.5 L RB25DE I6 (25 GT, GT-X, GT-V, GT-4) 2.5 L RB25DET I6 (GT-T) 2.6 L RB26DETT I6 (GT-R) Transmission(s) 4-speed automatic 5-speed manual 6-speed manual Wheelbase 2,665 mm (104.9 in) Length 4,705 mm (185.2 in) (sedan) Width 1,725 mm (67.9 in) (sedan) Height 1,375 mm (54.1 in) (sedan) Curb weight 1,540 kg (3,395.1 lb) (GT-R) 1,410 kg (3,108.5 lb) (GT-T) Related Nissan Laurel Nissan Stagea An R34 Skyline 25GT-T coupe In May 1998, the EN34,HR34,ER34 and BNR34 addressed many of the concerns over the change from the R32 to the R33, with more emphasis on sportiness, and marked the introduction of the more fuel-efficient and environmentally-friendly RB25DET NEO engine. The RB20E engine was discontinued in the R34 base model (GT), and the RB20DE , after last being used in the R32 Skyline, was reintroduced in updated NEO guise. The R34 GT powered by the RB20DE NEO , coupled with a 5-speed gearbox, became the most fuel-efficient straight-6 Skyline to date (of any shape). The 5-speed automatic transmission available on some models in the previous two shapes were discontinued. In its place, Nissan produced a 4-speed Tiptronic transmission for all of the automatic versions (Except the base 2.0L, which has a standard 5 speed gearbox). This model of the Skyline was used in many street racing movies, most notably Fast and Furious. Models: GT - 2.0/2.5 L RB20DE NEO I6 , 155 ps (114 kW) 25 GT, GT-X, GT-V - 2.5 L RB25DE NEO I6 , 200 ps (147 kW) GT-FOUR - 2.5 L RB25DE NEO I6 , 200 ps (147 kW) AWD GT-T - 2.5 L RB25DET NEO turbo I6 , 280 hp (206 kW, 343 N m) [ edit ] GT-R The GT-R reappeared in 1999, with a revised chassis and other updates. The R34 turbos received a ball bearing core. The R34 N1 turbos had a metal exhaust wheel, and ball bearing center section. A 6-speed Getrag gearbox was used. The turbo outlet pipes were changed from cast to formed metal outlets. The intercooler had a temperature probe in the V-spec models. A GT-R M-Spec Nür photographed in Colombo, Sri Lanka File:Asdada.jpg S-Tune and R-Tune have basically the same appearance, except by Performance specs Models: GT-R - 2.6 L RB26DETT twin-turbo I6 , 332 PS (244 kW, 392 Nm) (advertised as 276) [ 24 ] GT-R V-Spec - Additional aero parts, brake ventilation ducts, diffuser . GT-R V-Spec II - As above + carbon fibre hood with NACA duct . GT-R N1 - Blueprinted N1 motor, no A/C, no stereo, no rear wiper, basic interior trim. (only 45 made) GT-R M-Spec - Leather interior, softer suspension with "Ripple Control" dampers , heated seats. GT-R V-Spec II Nür - As above V-Spec II + N1 motor, 300 km/h speedo. (only 750 made) GT-R M-Spec Nür - As above M-Spec + N1 motor, 300 km/h speedo. (only 253 made) GT-R NISMO S-tune GT-R NISMO R-tune GT-R NISMO Z-tune - 2.8 L (bored and stroked) RB26DETT Z2 twin-turbo I6 , 500 PS (368 kW, 540 Nm) Z1 and Z2 (Only 20 made) [ edit ] Nissan GT-R (2007-Present) Following the end of R34 production in 2002, Nissan announced their plans to separate the GT-R model from the Skyline name, creating an entirely new vehicle although it would remain on the same platform as the Skyline. This new car, now known simply as the Nissan GT-R , debuted in 2007 in Tokyo. Released to the consumers in 2008, it was the first GT-R available worldwide, entering the North American market for the first time. Although based on the FM platform used by the V36 generation Skyline, the GT-R uses an evolved Premium Midship (PM) platform. The car retains its heritage by using the chassis code CBA-R35, or simply R35. [ edit ] V35 V35 Also called Infiniti G35 Production sedan : 2001-2006 coupe : 2003-2007 Assembly Tochigi, Tochigi , Japan Body style(s) 4-door sedan 2-door coupe Layout Front engine , rear-wheel drive / All wheel drive Platform Nissan FM platform Engine(s) 2.5 L VQ25DD V6 3.0 L VQ30DD V6 3.5 L VQ35DE V6 Transmission(s) 5-speed automatic 6-speed manual CVT Continuously Variable Transmission Wheelbase 2850 mm (112.2 in) Length 4630 mm (182.2 in)(coupe) 4735 mm (186.5 in) (sedan) Width 1815 mm (71.5 in) (coupe) 1750 mm (69 in) (sedan) Height 1390 mm (54.8 in) (coupe) 1465 mm (57.7 in) (sedan) 2001-2003 Nissan Skyline 250GT FOUR The 11th generation (V35) Nissan Skyline, introduced in June 2001, was based on Nissan 's FM platform , shared with the Nissan 350Z . The Nissan Skyline used a front-midship engine ( VQ35DE ), rear-wheel drive layout [ 25 ] (all-wheel drive was available for the sedan) to achieve a 52%/48% weight distribution. The V35 was the first Skyline made for export to the United States. There it was sold under the company's luxury brand, Infiniti as the Infiniti G35 . The V35 was a major turning point for the Skyline. There was no straight-6 , no turbo, and no GT-R , a decision which extended to all later Skylines. However, despite the departure in these trademark characteristics, Nissan 's decision to include a bigger engine and improve balance made many media outlets name the V35 as "the best Skyline ever", and it has continued to revive the Skyline brand internationally. [ 25 ] Choosing to gear the V35 towards the luxury-sport market, and billing the 350Z as a pure sports car, Nissan put a slightly more powerful VQ35DE in the 350Z , and while the Skyline and the 350Z shared the same platform, the 350Z had additional bracing, under-body aero parts, and weighed 100 kg less. [ 5 ] Japanese tuners mostly ignored the V35 Skyline, the 2006 Tsukuba Super Lap Battle had not a single V35 entrant. [ 1 ] Tuners such as Mines , Amuse, Hosaka, Garage Defend, M Speed, Nagisa, MCR, HKS , & Top Secret continued developing R32-R34 GT-Rs as time attack cars. Top Secret did tune a V35, but replaced the VQ35DE with a VK45DE V8 Twin Turbo. [ 26 ] Signal USA entered a V35 in Formula D, replacing the VQ35DE with an SR20DET . [ 27 ] Models: 250GT - 2.5 L VQ25DD V6 , 215 PS (158 kW, 270 N m) 250GT Four - 2.5 L VQ25DD V6 , 215 PS (158 kW, 270 Nm) AWD 300GT - 3.0 L VQ30DD V6 , 260 PS (191 kW, 324 N m) 350GT-8 - 3.5 L VQ35DE V6 , 272 PS (200 kW, 353 N m) 350GT Coupe - 3.5 L VQ35DE V6 , 280 PS (206 kW, 363 N m) [ edit ] V36/J50 V36, J50 Also called Infiniti G35 Infiniti G37 Infiniti EX 37 Production 2006- Assembly Tochigi, Tochigi , Japan Body style(s) 4-door sedan 2-door coupe 2-door convertible 5-door crossover SUV Layout Front engine , rear-wheel drive / all-wheel drive Platform Nissan FM platform Engine(s) 2.5L VQ25HR V6 3.5L VQ35HR V6 3.7L VQ37VHR V6 Transmission(s) 5-speed automatic 6-speed manual 7-speed automatic Wheelbase 112.2 in (2850 mm) Length 183.1 in (4651 mm) (coupe) 187.0 in (4750 mm) (sedan) 183.3 in (4656 mm) (convertible) Width 72.9 in (1852 mm) (convertible) 71.8 in (1824 mm) (coupe) 69.8 in (1773 mm) (sedan) Height Convertible 55.1 in (1400 mm) Coupe 54.8 in (1392 mm) (AT) 54.9 in (1394 mm) (MT) Sedan 57.2 in (1453 mm) (RWD) 57.8 in (1468 mm) (xAWD sedan) & 57.6 in (1463 mm) Related Infiniti FX Infiniti M Nissan 350Z Infiniti G37 Infiniti EX Nissan 370Z The 12th generation Skyline appeared on 20 November 2006. [ 28 ] It was first available only as a 4-door sedan in Japan and was also sold in the USA as the 2007 Infiniti G35. It is equipped with either a VQ25HR 2.5 L V6 producing 165 kW or a VQ35HR 3.5 L V6 with 232 kW. The 2.5 L is available with all-wheel drive as well. On May 13, 2008, Nissan announced that a convertible variant of the Infiniti G37 (U.S. Spec Skyline coupe) will be produced for the 2009 model year. [ edit ] 250GT sedan (DBA-V36, DBA-NV36) All wheel drive is standard on 250GT FOUR models (NV36, where N stands for AWD). 250GT Type S was introduced for 2008 model year. 17-inch wheels are standard for all model ranges, except for the 250GT Type S, which has 18-inch wheels. [ edit ] 350GT sedan It is a Japanese version of the Infiniti G35 sedan. 4-wheel active steering is available in Type S and Type SP as option. [ edit ] 370GT coupe (DBA-CKV36) Introduced in 2007 for the 2008 model year, it is a Japanese version of the Infiniti G37 coupe. 18-inch wheels are used on the base and 370GT Type P cars, while Type S and Type SP cars include 19-inch wheels. [ edit ] 370GT sedan (DBA-KV36) Introduced in 2008 for the 2009 model year, it is a Japanese version of the Infiniti G37 sedan. It replaced the 350GT sedan. 18-inch wheels are standard for all model ranges, except for the 370GT Type P, which has 17-inch wheels. [ edit ] 50th Limited (2008-) It is an option for 250GT Type P, 350GT Type P, 350GT Type SP, 250GT FOUR Type P, commemorating 50th anniversary of Nissan Skyline. [ 29 ] The interior is marked with anniversary red leather seats, and serial numbered front glass. This package went on sale on 2008-03-31. [ 30 ] [ edit ] 370GT crossover (DBA-J50, DBA-NJ50) See also: Infiniti EX Nissan Skyline Crossover. Introduced in 2009, it is based on the Infiniti EX 37. The vehicle went on sale in April 2009. [ 31 ] All wheel drive is standard on 370GT FOUR models. 18-inch wheels are standard for all model ranges. [ edit ] Body styles Chassis code V36 J50 Body style coupe, sedan crossover [ edit ] Models Model Years Engine Type/code Power, torque@rpm Drive 250GT sedan (DBA-V36) 2006- 2,495 cc (2.495 L; 152.3 cu in) V6 ( VQ25HR ) 225 PS (165 kW; 222 hp)@6800, 263 N·m (194 lb·ft)@4800 RWD 250GT FOUR sedan (DBA-NV36) 2006- 2,495 cc (2.495 L; 152.3 cu in) V6 ( VQ25HR ) 225 PS (165 kW; 222 hp)@6800, 263 N·m (194 lb·ft)@4800 AWD 350GT sedan 2006–2008 3,498 cc (3.498 L; 213.5 cu in) V6 ( VQ35HR ) 315 PS (232 kW; 311 hp)@6800, 358 N·m (264 lb·ft)@4800 RWD 370GT coupe (DBA-CKV36) 2007- 3,696 cc (3.696 L; 225.5 cu in) V6 ( VQ37VHR ) 333 PS (245 kW; 328 hp)@7000, 363 N·m (268 lb·ft)@5200 RWD 370GT sedan (DBA-KV36) 2008- 3,696 cc (3.696 L; 225.5 cu in) V6 ( VQ37VHR ) 330 PS (240 kW; 330 hp)@7000, 361 N·m (266 lb·ft)@5200 RWD 370GT crossover (DBA-J50) 2009- 3,696 cc (3.696 L; 225.5 cu in) V6 ( VQ37VHR ) 330 PS (240 kW; 330 hp)@7000, 361 N·m (266 lb·ft)@5200 RWD 370GT FOUR crossover (DBA-NJ50) 2009- 3,696 cc (3.696 L; 225.5 cu in) V6 ( VQ37VHR ) 330 PS (240 kW; 330 hp)@7000, 361 N·m (266 lb·ft)@5200 AWD [ edit ] Transmissions Model Years Standard Optional 250GT sedan 2006- 5-speed automatic - 350GT sedan 2006–2008 5-speed automatic - 370GT coupe 2007–2008 5-speed automatic 6-speed manual (Type S, Type SP) 370GT coupe 2008- 7-speed automatic 6-speed manual (Type S, Type SP) 370GT sedan 2008- 7-speed automatic - 370GT crossover 2009- 7-speed automatic - [ edit ] Marketing As part of Nissan Skyline's 50th anniversary, Warner Music Japan published a CD titled SKYLINE 50th ANNIVERSARY CD , featuring music from Nissan Skyline commercials. [ 32 ] [ 33 ] Skyline model cars had also been produced. [ 34 ] Nissan also staged an exhibition in midtown Tokyo called Grand Touring - The Legend and the Future in which examples of all twelve generations of Skyline were shown. [ 35 ] [ edit ] References ^ a b Carbonare, Dino Dalle et al. (2006). Jtuner 11 . Future Publications. pp. 8–18.   ^ a b Chang, Richard (Summer). "Access Denied" . 0-60 Magazine . http://skylinegt-r.wikidot.com/0-60mrex   ^ LeftlaneNews R32, R34 Nissan Skyline imports halted ^ "LASD Inmate Information Center - Booking Details" . App4.lasd.org . http://app4.lasd.org/iic/details.cfm?qwert=%27%2E2%24%5ES%3F%3FDQ%40%20%20%0A . Retrieved 2010-10-17 .   ^ a b Akihiko Nakaya et al.. (2003). Best Motoring International, 350Z Shock . [DVD]. Zigzag Asia.   ^ "Prince Skyline" (in Japanese) . http://www.nissan.co.jp/MUSEUM/SKYLINE/FIRST/index.html . Retrieved 2006-09-22 .   ^ a b c "Nissan Skyline History: 1st and 2nd Generation" . http://history.jbskyline.net/ .   ^ a b "Nissan Skyline 2000 GT-R KPGC10" . JB car pages . http://www.jbskyline.net/C10/GTR/ . Retrieved 2008-10-26 .   ^ "Nissan Skyline History: 3rd - 5th Generation" . http://history.jbskyline.net/index2.php .   ^ J's Tipo Magazine . June 1997.   ^ Australian Motor Racing Year, 1986/87, page 273 ^ Australian Motor Racing Year, 1987/88, page 213 ^ "R32 Nissan Skyline GTR Review" . JB car pages . http://www.jbskyline.net/R32/GTR/ . Retrieved 2008-10-26 .   ^ Butler, Andy (2006). Skyline GT-R The Ultimate Japanese Supercar . Haynes. p. 25. ISBN   1-84425-105-5 .   ^ Donnon, Martin et al. (2005). High Performance Imports 57 . Express Motoring Publications. p. 91.   ^ Butler, Andy (2006). Skyline GT-R The Ultimate Japanese Supercar . Haynes. pp. 21–33. ISBN   1-84425-105-5 .   ^ Motoharu Kurosawa (Gan-San) et al.. (2005). Best Motoring International, Nismo Beast Unleashed . [DVD]. Zigzag Asia.   ^ Keiichi Tsuchiya et al.. (2005). Best Motoring International, RB Japanese Muscle . [DVD]. Zigzag Asia.   ^ Butler, Andy (2006). Skyline GT-R The Ultimate Japanese Supercar . Haynes. p. 36. ISBN   1-84425-105-5 .   ^ Ellis, Ben et al. (2001). High Performance Imports 15 . Express Motoring Publications. pp. 74–78.   ^ "R33 Nissan Skyline GTR Review" . JB car pages . http://www.jbskyline.net/R33/GTR/ . Retrieved 2008-10-26 .   ^ "Nismo 400R" . JB car pages . http://www.jbskyline.net/Nismo400R/ . Retrieved 2008-10-26 .   ^ Nunn, Peter (December 2006). Wheels . Australia: ACP Magazines. p. 13.   ^ "R34 Nissan Skyline GTR Review & Specs" . JB car pages . http://www.jbskyline.net/R34/GTR/ . Retrieved 2008-10-26 .   ^ a b "V35 Nissan Skyline" . JB car pages . http://www.jbskyline.net/V35/Sedans/ . Retrieved 2008-10-26 .   ^ Ellis, Ben et al. (2005). High Performance Imports 54 . Express Motoring Publications. pp. 42–48.   ^ Warne, Grant et al. (2005). High Performance Imports 62 . Express Motoring Publications. pp. 44–48.   ^ "Nissan Introduces All-New Skyline" . Nissan Press Release. 20 November 2006 . http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/NEWS/2006/_STORY/061120-01-e.html . Retrieved 2006-11-26 . "Nissan Motors"   ^ スカイライン セダンの期間限定車「50th Limited」を発売 ^ "新型スカイライン 「50th Limited」誕生" . http://blog.nissan.co.jp/SKYLINE/archives/2007/11/50th_limited.html .   ^ Joseph, Noah (2009-04-16). "EX Phone Home: Nissan rebadges Infiniti EX as Skyline Crossover for JDM" . Autoblog.com . http://www.autoblog.com/2009/04/16/ex-phone-home-nissan-rebadges-infiniti-ex-as-skyline-crossover/ . Retrieved 2010-10-17 .   ^ "スカイライン CM情報" . Nissan.co.jp . http://www.nissan.co.jp/AP-CONTENTS/POSTOFFICE/ANSWERS/752.html . Retrieved 2010-10-17 .   ^ "【プレゼント企画】「SKYLINE 50th ANNIVERSARY CD」×2" . Blog.nissan.co.jp . http://blog.nissan.co.jp/SKYLINE/archives/2007/07/anniversarycd.html . Retrieved 2010-10-17 .   ^ "JNC In Japan: Day 4" . Japanesenostalgiccar.com. 2008-01-28 . http://japanesenostalgiccar.com/blog/2008/01/28/jnc-in-japan-day-4/ . Retrieved 2010-10-17 .   ^ Nunez, Alex (2007-03-28). "Skyline turning 50, Nissan to celebrate in Tokyo" . Autoblog.com . http://www.autoblog.com/2007/03/28/skyline-turning-50-nissan-to-celebrate-in-tokyo/ . Retrieved 2010-10-17 .   [ edit ] Further reading Gorodji, Alex (2008). Nissan GT-R: Legendary performance, Engineering Marvel . Minnespolis: Motorbooks. pp. 192 pages.. ISBN-978-0-7603-3036-4.   [ edit ] External links This article's use of external links may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines . Please improve this article by removing excessive and inappropriate external links. 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( Discuss ) Nissan Skyline GT-R Manufacturer Nissan Production 1969-1977 1989-2002 Assembly Tochigi, Tochigi , Japan Successor Nissan GT-R Related Nissan Skyline Nissan Stagea The Nissan Skyline GT-R is a Japanese sports car based on the Nissan Skyline range. The first GT-Rs were produced from 1969-1977. After a 16 year hiatus since the KPGC110 in 1972, the GT-R name was revived in 1989 with the Skyline R32. This car was nicknamed "Godzilla" by the Australian motoring publication "Wheels" in its July 1989 edition, a name that sticks to this day. The R32 GT-R dominated the motorsport in Japan, winning 29 straight victories out of 29 races. The GT-R proceeded to win the JTC Group A series championship 4 years in a row, and also had success in the Australian Touring Car Championship winning from 1990–1992, until the GT-R was outlawed in 1993. [ 1 ] The Skyline GT-R (R33) was also the first production car to lap the legendary Nürburgring in under eight minutes. The Skyline GT-R became the flagship of Nissan performance, showcasing many advanced technologies including the ATTESA-ETS 4WD system and the Super-HICAS four-wheel steering. The GT-Rs remained inexpensive compared to its European rivals, with a list-price of ¥ 4.5 million (US$ 31,000). Today, the car is popular for import Drag Racing , Circuit Track, Time Attack and events hosted by tuning magazines. The GT-R is the winner in the 2007 Tsukuba Time Attack held in Japan—the M-Speed GT-R (9 out of the top 15 cars consists of GT-Rs). Production of the Skyline GT-R ended in August 2002. It is now currently called the GT-R and the Skyline name has been removed. The Skyline GT-R was never manufactured outside of Japan, and the sole export markets were Australia & the UK, in 1991, [ 2 ] and New Zealand as used Japanese imports. Despite this the car has become an iconic sports car, including in countries from the Western World (mainly the United Kingdom , Australia , New Zealand , Ireland and Canada ). [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It has become notable through pop culture such as cinema and video games like The Fast and the Furious series, Initial D , Wangan Midnight , and Gran Turismo . The car was named by BBC's Top Gear as the only true Japanese contribution in the line of supercars. [ 6 ] The car was also named by the main presenter of the show, Jeremy Clarkson , as one of the best cars in the world. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Contents 1 History of the brand 2 Versions 2.1 1st generation (1969-1972) 2.2 2nd generation (1972-1977) 2.3 3rd generation (1989–1994) 2.3.1 Concept 2.3.2 Production 2.3.3 Production figures 2.4 4th generation (1995–1998) 2.5 NISMO 400R 2.5.1 Production figures 2.6 5th generation (1999–2002) 2.6.1 Production figures 2.6.2 Z-Tune 2.7 Replacement 3 Powertrain 3.1 N1 engines 4 Motorsport 5 See also 6 References 7 External links [ edit ] History of the brand The Skyline name originated from Prince automobile company, which developed and sold the Skyline line of sedans before merging with Nissan - Datsun . The GT-R abbreviation stands for Gran Turismo Racer while the GT-B stands for Gran Turismo Berlinetta. The Japanese chose to use English when naming the car — as most cars made in Japan at that time used American abbreviation — to further enhance sales. The earliest predecessor of the GT-R, the S54 2000 GT-B, came second in its first race in 1964 to the purpose-built Porsche 904 GTS. The next development of the GT-R, the four-door PGC10 2000 GT-R, scored 33 victories in the one and a half years it raced, and by the time it attempted its 50th consecutive win, its run was ended by a Mazda Savanna RX-3 . The car took 1000 victories by the time it was discontinued in 1972. The last of the original GT-Rs, the KPGC110 2000GT-R, used an unchanged S20 160 hp (120 kW) inline-6 engine from the earlier 2000 GT-R and only sold 197 units due to the worldwide energy crisis . This model was the only GT-R to never participate in a major race despite the sole purpose-built racecar which now resides in Nissan 's storage unit for historical cars in Zama . The Skyline continued into the 1990s when it became popular largely because it remained rear wheel drive , while most other manufacturers were focusing on front wheel drive cars. Throughout its lifetime, various special editions containing additional performance-enhancing modifications, were released by Nissan and its performance division Nismo ( Nis san Mo torsport). [ edit ] Versions [ edit ] 1st generation (1969-1972) First generation Production 1969-1972 Body style(s) 4-door sedan 2-door coupe Layout FR layout Engine(s) 2.0L 160 horsepower (120 kW) S20 I6 Transmission(s) 5-speed Manual The first Skyline GT-R, known by the internal Nissan designation PGC10 , was released on February 4, 1969. It was available originally as a four-door sedan after a public debut at the 15th annual Tokyo Motor Show . It was advertised alongside the Nissan R380 A racecar to showcase its racing heraldry. It was equipped with the 2.0 L DOHC S20 I6 producing 160 hp (120 kW) at 7000 rpm and 118 N·m (87 ft·lbf) of torque. Power was delivered to the rear wheels by a 5-speed manual transmission . The first Skyline GT-R rode on a semi-trailing arm strut suspension. It was available as a coupe in March 1971 with the chassis code KPGC10 . A popular name for the PGC and KPGC10 Skyline GT-R was "Hakosuka," which is a combination of the Japanese word for box ("hako" or ハコ) and the pronounced abbreviation of skyline ("Suka" or スカ as in スカイライン or "sukairain"). A total of 1,945 PGC and KPGC10 Skyline GT-Rs were produced. [ edit ] 2nd generation (1972-1977) Second generation Production 1972-1977 Body style(s) 4-door sedan 2-door coupe Layout FR layout Engine(s) 2.0L S20 I6 Transmission(s) 5-speed manual The KPGC10's successor, the C110, was released in 1973 after its introduction at the 1972 Tokyo motor show. Powered by a 1989 cc I6 S20 engine, the second generation GT-R delivered power to the rear wheels through a 5-speed manual gearbox. The suspension was a semi-trailing ring arm setup and minor aerodynamic parts were added. This edition of the GT-R was also known as the "Ken & Mary" Skyline, due to a popular advertisement featuring a young couple (Ken and Mary) enjoying the Hokkaido countryside. The advertisement later spawned a hit song by Buzz, and the tree featured in the advertisement later became a minor star itself. [ citation needed ] Unfortunately, the second generation GT-R was unsuccessful, for a gas crisis hit in the early 1970s, drying out any demand for high-performance sports cars. A total of 197 cars were built by the end of its short production run. For the next decade, this would be the last GT-R until the production of the R32 in 1989. [ edit ] 3rd generation (1989–1994) Third generation Production 1989-1994 Body style(s) 2-door coupe Layout Front engine , rear-wheel drive / four-wheel drive Engine(s) 2.6 L RB26DETT I6 Transmission(s) 5-speed manual [ edit ] Concept After cancelling the Skyline GT-R in 1973, Nissan revived the GT-R again in 1989. At the time Nissan was competing in Group A Racing with the Skyline GTS-R. Nissan wanted to retire the GTS-R in favor of a more competitive vehicle. The new generation GT-R, BNR32 chassis (commonly shortened to R32 ), was designed to dominate Group A racing. Nissan Kohki (Nissan's power train engineering and manufacturing facility) originally tested a twin turbocharged 2350cc bored and stroked version of the RB20 engine . This set up produced 313 horsepower (230 kW) and used a RWD drivetrain. Under Group A regulations, a turbocharged engine must multiply its engine displacement by 1.7, putting the new Skyline in the 4000 cc class, and requiring the use of 10-inch-wide tires. Knowing that they would be required to use 10-inch-wide tires, Nissan made the decision to make the car all wheel drive . Nissan developed a special motorsport-oriented AWD system for this purpose called the ATTESA E-TS . Although this assisted with traction, it made the car 100 kg (220 lb) heavier; the added weight put the GT-R at a disadvantage to other cars in the 4000 cc class. Nissan then made the decision to increase the displacement to 2600 cc, and put the car in the 4500 cc class, with the car's weight near-equal to competing cars. The 4500 cc class also allowed for 11-inch-wide tires. New engine block and heads were then developed to better match the increased displacement. The result was a 500 horsepower . Later REINIK (Racing & Rally Engineering Division Incorporated Nissan Kohi) produced Group A racing engines between 500-600 hp depending on track conditions. [ edit ] Production This new 2.6 L all wheel drive concept was put into production as the R32 Nissan Skyline GT-R. The R32 developed 206 kW (276 hp) and 266 lb·ft (361 N·m) of torque, it had a curb weight of 1,430 kg (3,146 lbs). Initial production of the car was the required 510 to allow for homologation starting on May 22, 1989. Its successful debut along with critical acclaim by the motoring press created a heavy demand for the car. Nissan officially started an unlimited production run August 1989, and began its Group A campaign in 1990. Due to strict Group A homologation rules, Nissan was required to also sell a series of the Skyline GT-R which more accurately reflected the car they use in Group A racing. This series was called the Skyline GT-R ' Nismo ' edition. The Skyline GT-R 'Nismo', introduced on February 22, 1990, has a total production of 560 units as required for the "Evolution" models regulation (over 500). Its purpose is to homologate a number of aerodynamic changes used in Group A racing. Changes include additional ducts in the front bumper to improve airflow to the intercooler , a bonnet lip spoiler to direct more air into the engine bay, and an additional boot lip spoiler to provide more downforce. The 'Nismo' GT-R was only available in Gunmetal Grey. A rear view of an R32, showing the traditional four round taillights. The Skyline GT-R 'N1' model, introduced on July 19, 1991, was designed for home-market N1 racing with a total of 228 units produced. The most notable change was in the engine, which was upgraded to the R32-N1 specification. The car was also lightened by the removal of the ABS, air conditioning, sound system, rear wiper, trunk carpet, and the use of light-weight headlights. No color options were available and all 'N1' cars were delivered with a thin layer of Crystal White paint. The result was a 30 kg weight savings for a curb weight of 1,400 kg. To celebrate the success of the GT-R in both Group N and Group A racing, Nissan introduced the Skyline GT-R V-Spec ("Victory SPECification") car on February 3, 1993. The V-Spec added Brembo brakes and a retuned ATTESA E-TS system to the Nismo and N1 packages, as well as 17" BBS wheels with 225/45/17 tires. The V-Spec has a list price of ¥ 5.260 million. Finally on February 14, 1994 the Skyline GT-R V-Spec II was released, with the only change being wider 245/45/17 tires. In addition, both the V-Spec and V-Spec II had a curb weight of 1,480 kg (3,256 lbs), weighing 50 kg (110 lbs) more than the standard GT-R. [ 9 ] Total production of the V-Spec I and II was 1,453 and 1,303 units respectively. Total production of the R32 Skyline GT-R was 43,394 units, with production starting on May 22, 1989. An above average proportion of the GT-R's were sold in white: this is likely due to the fact that white is the national racing color of Japan in international motorsport. [ edit ] Production figures Standard Cars = 40,390 NISMO Group A Evolution = 560 V-Spec = 1,453 V-Spec II = 1,303 N1 Race Version = 228 Total = 43,934 [ edit ] 4th generation (1995–1998) Fourth generation Production 1995-1998 Body style(s) 2-door coupe 4-door sedan Layout Front engine , rear-wheel drive / four-wheel drive Engine(s) 2.6 L RB26DETT I6 Transmission(s) 5-speed manual The E-BCNR33 ( R33 ) was developed in 1995 as a successor to the venerable R32 model. The engine in the R33 was nearly identical to the R32. It used the same turbochargers and the same specification for the manual gearbox, although the syncros were made to be stronger. The engine corrected the R32's weak oil pump drive collar, which tended to fail in higher power applications, with a wider collar. The base model R33 GT-R weighs 1,540 kg (3,400 lb). [ 10 ] The R33 GT-R launched in January 1995 with the base model GT-R and the V-spec model. The V-spec model weighed in 10 kg (22 lb) heavier, and had sportier suspension resulting in lower ground clearance. The V-spec also featured the newer ATTESA E-TS Pro all wheel drive system, which included an Active Limited Slip differential. The V-spec model also included a four wheel independent channel anti-lock braking system . Rear view of an R33 GT-R. At the same time as the release of the R33 GT-R and GT-R V-spec, Nissan released the R33 GT-R V-spec N1 model. Changes made in the R33 N1 are similar to those in the R32 N1. The car was made lighter by removing the ABS, air conditioning, sound system, rear wiper and trunk carpet. The R33 GT-R V-spec N1 received the slightly revised R33 N1 engine. [ edit ] NISMO 400R A special edition R33 was released on November 3, 1997 called the 400R, with R standing for Racing. Overall development and planning was by NISMO (Nissan Motorsports International). But, its bored and stroked RB26DETT engine, the RBX-GT2 , was engineered and produced by REINIK (later renamed REIMAX – "REINIK to the MAX"). The engine featured 77.7 mm stroke crankshaft (73.7 mm stock), forged 87 mm pistons (86 mm cast stock), upgraded rods, polished ports, high lift camshafts, upgraded oil system, larger exhaust manifolds and higher output turbochargers. NISMO produced an upgraded exhaust, a twin-plate clutch, and intercooler system. Nismo brake pads were fitted to the car. 400R exclusive aerodynamic updates were also added, such as wider fenders, side skirts, a new rear bumper, a new front bumper with bigger air scoops, and a redesigned bonnet and rear spoiler made of carbon fiber. The 400R was also fitted with 18 x 10 Nismo LM-GT1s. The car developed 400 horsepower (300 kW) and 347 lb·ft (470 N·m), which allowed a top speed of over 186 mph (300 km/h), and enabled it to reach 0–97 km/h in 4.0 seconds. 500 hp is easily achieved with a higher boost setting. NISMO had originally planned to produce 100 units of the 400R, however only 44 units were made before production of the R33 ended in 1998. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ edit ] Production figures Standard cars = 9,871 V-Spec = 6,551 Total = 16,422 (Figures include N1 and LM Limited Versions) [ edit ] 5th generation (1999–2002) Fifth generation Production 1999-2002 Body style(s) 2-door coupe Layout Front engine , rear-wheel drive / all-wheel drive Engine(s) 2.6L RB26DETT I6 Transmission(s) 6-speed manual The GT-BNR34 ( R34 ) Skyline GT-R and GT-R V-spec models were released in January 1999. The R34 GT-R was also made to be shorter (from front to rear), and the front overhang was reduced. The valve covers were also painted glossy red, rather than dull black. A new feature on the R34 GT-R is a 5.8" LCD multifunction display on the center of the dashboard, which shows seven different live readings of engine and vehicle statistics such as turbocharger pressure (1.2 bar max), oil and water temperature, among others. The GT-R V-spec model added two extra features to the display: intake and exhaust gas temperatures. Nismo Multi-function Displays (MFD) can be bought at an extra cost, they include a lap timer, G-Force meter and an increase in boost pressure measurement to 2 bar. The R34 GT-R was made shorter in response to customer concerns who thought the R33 was too bulky. Like the R33, the new R34 GT-R V-Spec (Victory Specification) models come equipped with the ATTESA E-TS Pro system and an Active LSD at the rear, while standard GT-R models come with the non-Pro system and a conventional mechanical differential. The V-spec model also had firmer suspension and lower ground clearance, thanks to front and side splitters, as well as a rear carbon fiber air diffuser, designed to keep air flowing smoothly under the car. Another special model of the R34 GT-R is the M-spec. It was similar to the V-spec, but had special "Ripple control" dampers, revised suspension set up, stiffer rear sway bar and a leather interior with heated front seats. The 'M' on the M-Spec stood for Mizuno who is the chief engineer of Nissan. At the time of the R34's release, like the R32 and R33, Nissan released an R34 N1 model. The R34 GT-R N1 was equipped similar to the R32 and R33 N1 models — a homologation special. It was sold without ABS, air conditioning, audio equipment, rear wiper, or trunk lining. The new R34 N1 was also given the new R34 N1 engine. Only 45 R34 N1 models were produced from the factory, 12 of which were used by Nismo for Super Taikyu racing. The rest were sold to various customers, mostly racing teams and tuning garages. The V-Spec versions was also imported into the UK, a number of modifications was carried out to the car, these were 3 additional oil coolers, revised ECU map, full Connelly leather interior, underbody diffusers, stiffer suspension, active rear limited slip differential, extra display feature on the in car display. [ 13 ] Rear view of an R34 GT-R Nür. In August 2000, Nissan released the V-Spec II, replacing the V-Spec. The V-Spec II has increased stiffness in the suspension (even stiffer than the original V-spec) and had larger rear brake rotors. It also comes equipped with a carbon fiber hood equipped with a NACA duct , which is lighter than the aluminum that all other GT-R hoods are made from. Also different on the V-Spec II was an iridium center console and aluminum pedals. The seats were upholstered with black cloth rather than the gray cloth used on previous R34 GT-R models, and the amber turn lenses were replaced with white versions. With the exception of the carbon fiber bonnet, the standard trim level GT-R also received these updates. In February 2002 Nissan released a final production model of the R34 GT-R called the Skyline GT-R V-spec II Nür and the Skyline GT-R M-spec Nür. The Nür was named after the famous German Nürburgring racetrack, where the Skyline was developed. In total 1000 R34 GT-R Nür(s) were made, 750 were V-Spec II Nürs' and 250 M-Spec Nürs'. The Nür model featured an improved RB26DETT based on the N1 racing engine. The standard turbochargers were upgraded to larger versions with a slight increase in boost and the ceramic blades were replaced with steel versions. This has increased lag, but to compensate the turbo's durability was improved while being able to handle a bigger boost increase. This allowed tuners to increase the boost safely with standard turbos up to 450 hp at the crank. The V-spec II Nür is based on the regular V-spec II model, and the M-spec Nür was based on the regular M-spec model. Other than the addition of the Nür engine, the Nür models also included a different color of stitching on the interior trim, as well as a speedometer reading up to 300 km/h (186 mph). Due to then-current Japanese law the car was advertised as having 276 hp but it actually had over 330 hp when it left factory. [ edit ] Production figures Standard Cars = 3,964 V-Spec = 1,308 N1 Race Version = 45 [ 14 ] Total = 11,312 [ edit ] Z-Tune Nismo originally designed the concept of the Z-tune in 2002 when Nissan was putting an end to the R34 Skyline production. The first Z-tune was built in 2003, using a used 2002 Skyline GT-R V-Spec II. It was built with a concept RB26DETT 'Z1' engine. This engine was based on Nissan's Lemans GT2 and GT500 racing experiences. As with the racing vehicles a strengthened engine block and stroked crankshaft were utilized. The engine was also bored. With the new displacement of 2.8L and upgraded turbo-chargers the Z1 produced 500 hp (370 kW). The Z-Tune had a 0-60 mph time in 3.8 seconds and has a top speed of 220 miles per hour. Nismo was then given the approval from Nissan to build Z-tune models for the Nismo anniversary. Nismo then purchased 20 used R34 GT-R V-Specs, each with less than 18,000 miles (29,000 km) on the clock, they were then completely stripped and were resprayed to a " Z-tune Silver ," a special color exclusively for the Z-tune. [ 15 ] For each of the 20 production models, the 2.8L engine was revised to allow it to reach 8000 rpm. The turbochargers were supplied by IHI in Japan. The engine is advertised as making as much as 500 hp (for warranty reasons). This second revision of the Z-tune engine is called the 'Z2'. The bodywork is designed with the same functional components used in Nismo 's GT500 racing cars, such as engine bay vents on the hood and fenders, as well as wider fenders for wider wheels. The Z-tune is also improved with an aggressive suspension setup from Sachs, and a specially designed Brembo e brake system. The entire car is essentially handmade, with the car being completely stripped and re-built from the chassis up. Engineers reinforced and stiffened the chassis seam welding in key areas such as the door seams and door frames and added carbon fiber to the strut towers and transmission tunnel and the engine bay, completely redesigning the suspension, drivetrain, engine, gearbox and other components so as to work at maximum efficiency and reliability as is expected of a road-going vehicle. Although Nismo planned on building 20 cars, they ceased production on only 19 (including 2 prototypes). [ 16 ] The Z-tune is often regarded as the most expensive (prices for some have been known to exceed $180,000 usd) street legal GT-R ever built. [ citation needed ] [ edit ] Replacement Main article: Nissan GT-R Following the end of R34 production in 2002, Nissan announced their plans to separate the GT-R model from the Skyline name, creating an entirely new vehicle although it would remain on the same platform as the Skyline. This new car, now known simply as the Nissan GT-R , debuted in 2007 in Tokyo. Released to the consumers in 2008, it was the first GT-R available worldwide, entering the North American market for the first time. Although based on the FM platform used by the V36 generation Skyline, the GT-R uses an evolved Premium Midship (PM) platform . The car retains its heritage by using the chassis code CBA-R35 , or simply R35 . [ edit ] Powertrain The RB26DETT as used in the R32 and R33 Skyline GT-Rs. Later R34's have red colored valve covers. A modified RB26DETT in an R33 Skyline GT-R. The GT-R of the 1990s included a 2.6 L straight six-cylinder twin-turbo engine producing 206 kW (276 hp).The stock turbo-chargers were of a hybrid steel/ceramic design allowing them to spool up faster due to the light nature of the ceramic exhaust wheel. Power was delivered to all four wheels using an electronically-controlled all wheel drive system referred to by Nissan as the ATTESA-ETS system. The ATTESA-ETS system uses two G-Sensors mounted underneath the center console, which feed lateral and longitudinal inputs to the ECU. The ECU would then control the feed of power by allowing a limited amount to be delivered to the front wheels via an electronic torque split converter. In 1995, the ATTESA-ETS Pro was introduced as an option for R33 GT-R customers, and came as standard equipment in GT-R V-spec models. It was later standard equipment in all GT-R models for the R34 Skyline GT-R. The ATTESA-ETS Pro added an Active Limited Slip Differential , which was controlled by the onboard ATTESA computer. This was only for the rear differential, as the front differential remained as a normal Limited Slip Differential . The ATTESA-ETS Pro was also advertised in brochures as adding an electronically controlled 4-channel ABS brake system. Although it is not related to the all wheel drive system, it uses much of the same sensors, and the same computer. The R32 could be switched from AWD to RWD by removing the 4WD fuse , but R33 and R34 models had to have the front tailshaft removed, or the centre diff can be depressurised for 'towing mode' as specified in the owners manual. The car also had computer-controlled all wheel steering system referred to as HICAS . The HICAS system activated when the vehicle exceeded 80 km/h (50 mph) and controlled the steering of the rear wheels in the same direction as the front to improve turn in on entry to corners. It should be noted however that this feature is often seen as more of a hindrance than help in race applications. The system tends to favor less advanced drivers, and can make the rear suspension unstable during high speed cornering. For this reason many kits are available to override this system usually by looping its hydraulic lines back on themselves. This is seen to make the car much more predictable when driving at the limit of grip. While the published figures from Nissan were as quoted above, practical tests showed the car had a factory power output of closer to 330 PS (325 hp) at the flywheel . The lower published figure was Nissan's response to the need to abide by a gentleman's agreement between the Japanese auto manufacturers not to release a car to the public exceeding 280 PS (276 hp) of power output. [ edit ] N1 engines RB26DETT N1 is an upgraded version of the standard RB26DETT engine. It was developed by Nissan Kohki's REINIK division for NISMO and N1 race cars. The standard RB26DETT , although known for its durability, proved to require too much maintenance for Group N (N1 class) racing conditions. REINIK started with strengthened RB26DETT block. N1 block is identified by its 24U number stamped on the block (05U standard blocks). The cylinder walls are thicker and water cooling channels are enhanced to increase flow. It also received an upgraded oil pump and water pump , to improve the cooling and lubrication for race conditions. The pistons have 1.2 mm (0.047 in) top rings and were balanced before assembly but otherwise very close to standard. The connecting rods are also similar to standard but made from slightly stronger material and balanced. Standard crankshaft is balanced to a higher level. Higher flow exhaust manifolds and turbochargers were added for increased torque and slightly higher top-end power. Turbine wheels on the N1 turbochargers are also made from steel for durability, rather than the lighter but weaker ceramic found on the standard turbine. The R32 Skyline GT-R N1 street car marked the N1 engine's introduction to the consumer. R32, 33, and 34 N1 street cars were known for lack of amenities and their light weight. The R33 N1 engine and turbochargers were slightly revised, and the R34 N1 engine saw further improvement. The camshaft timing was altered slightly for more torque. R33 and R34 N1 turbochargers are the same size however R34 N1s use a ball bearing center section. NISMO states the ball bearings in the R34 N1 allow them to spool 400rpm faster than R33 N1. The final N1 engine is the R34 Nür engine. The only differences are the cam cover color change and R34 Nür edition was a fully loaded street car. There were 1000 Nür engines made for use in the R34 V-spec II Nür and R34 M-spec Nür models, however an undefined amount of extras were made and sold through Nissan dealers. [ edit ] Motorsport The CALSONIC R32 GT-R from the Group A series. The GT-R's history of racetrack dominance began with its 50 victories scored from 1968–1972, including 49 consecutive wins in the Japanese race circuit. Nissan pulled out of racing shortly after the release of the KPGC110. The Skyline GT-R soon earned the name "Godzilla", for its "monster" track performance and country of origin. The R32 GT-R dominated JTCC, winning all 29 races it entered in the series, as well as taking the series title every year from 1989-1993. It took 50 races from 50 starts from 1991-1997 (latterly R33) in the N1 Super Taikyu. The GT-R's success sounded the death knell of Group A Touring Car racing; with the formula being scrapped soon after. JTCC was similarly blighted by the R32 GT-R, and splintered soon after, leading to the switch to the Supertouring category and also indirectly to the GT500 category of today. The GT-R's success in motor racing was formidable, particularly in the annual 1,000 km race at the Mount Panorama circuit in Bathurst , Australia , where the winner in 1991 and 1992 was a GT-R (despite receiving additional 100 kg (220 lb) in weight penalties and a turbo pop off valve in 1992, and crashing), and in the Japanese GT series where it has remained dominant for many years. The Skyline GT-R line were retired from the JGTC series (later changed Super GT Series) in 2004. Its successor, the Nissan GT-R , competed and dominated the 2008 Super GT season , winning the GT500 (see details below). No other race victories by the GT-R could escape without controversies. At the 1990 Macau Grand Prix Guia touring car race , the factory backed R32 driven by Masahiro Hasemi led the race from the start to the finishing line which caused a wave of protests by the European entrants. The following year, the car was forced to carry a weight penalty of 140 kg (309 lb) and was up against the more competitive DTM BMW M3 and Mercedes-Benz 190E 2.5-16 Evolution II . A disgruntled Hasemi was forced to settle for fourth place. For the following and final year the weight penalty was reduced and works backed Hasemi returned with another privateer R32 that crashed in the race, while Hasemi retired with engine failure. In the UK, Andy Middlehurst took the Nissan Skyline GT-R (R32) to two consecutive championship wins in the National Saloon Car Cup. Other championship titles include the 1991 Australian Touring Car Championship Jim Richards , the 1991 Australian Endurance Championship (Mark Gibbs & Rowan Onslow), the 1991 Australian Manufacturers' Championship , the 1992 Australian Touring Car Championship ( Mark Skaife ) and the 1992 Spanish Touring Car Championship. Akira Kameyama has taken the GT-R to the Pikes Peak International Hillclimb race on three occasion winning in each Open Class for production cars he entered, one in 1993 with the R32, [ 17 ] another in 1996 with the R33 [ 18 ] and again in 1998. [ 19 ] For the following year, Rhys Millen took an R33 Skyline GT-R to win the High Performance Showroom Stock category. At the 1994 Rolex 24 Hours of Daytona , the GT-R would make its US debut when Nismo entered a sole Group A specification R32 for the GTU category, the car would finish 20th. A Skyline GT-R LM which competed at the 24 Hours of Le Mans . A Falken R33 Skyline GT-R. In 1995 Nismo developed the Skyline GT-R for endurance racing with a pair of JGTC specification R33s for the 24 Hours of Le Mans . In order to meet homologation regulations, a street legal version had to be built, although Nismo only required one example to comply. The two racing cars were able to achieve some success at Le Mans, with one car achieving 10th overall, and 5th in its GT1 class, being beaten only by the more developed McLaren F1 GTRs . For 1996 , the Skyline GT-R LMs would return, this time carrying enlarged RB26DETTs displacing 2.8 litres. Again competing in GT1, they would finish 15th overall, and 10th in class. However, Nissan chose to abandon their production-based Skyline GT-R LMs in 1997 and instead turn to the purpose-built R390 GT1s . In honor of the success of the Skyline at Le Mans, Nissan marketed a limited edition R33 referred to as "LM Limited", only available in a Competition Blue . There were also 3 of the "LM Limited" model made in white (paint code QM1) In 2007 Automotive Forums.com became the first ever to compete with a Skyline GT-R (R34) in the United States, participating in the Speed World Challenge GT series. Team: Driver and President of Automotive Forums.com Igor Sushko, Crew Chief Sean Morris, Team Manager Victor Reyes , Mechanic Josh Mitchell , and Engineer Merritt Johnson . In 2007 the Heat Treatments Drag R32 Skyline GT-R driven by Reece McGregor of New Zealand, broke the world record for the fastest AWD over a 1/4 mile with a 7.57 at 305.96 km/h (190.11 mph) at the Willowbank Dragway in Australia, a record previously held by the HKS R33 Skyline GT-R with a 7.67. [ 20 ] [ 21 ] [ edit ] See also Nissan RB26DETT engine Nissan GT-R Nissan [ edit ] References ^ GT-R may race in Australia . Autoblog . ^ Nissan Australia sells R32s . uniquecars . ^ GTOC.UK .Skyline Enthusiast board from UK. ^ Skylines Australia .Skyline Enthusiast board based in Australia & New Zealand. ^ GTR Canada .Skyline owners board based in Canada. ^ Top Gear - Season One, Episode 04. ^ Jeremy Clarkson's Motorworld: Japan — "The Skyline — and I'm not joking — is one of the best cars... ...I have ever driven..." ^ Jeremy Clarkson - Top 100 Cars ^ JLIMPORTS.AU - Skyline R32 GT-R "GODZILLA". . jlimports.com ^ "Nissan Skyline GT-R V specifications specifications" . Motortraders.net . http://www.motortraders.net/imports/spec.asp?id=618 . Retrieved 2010-10-07 .   ^ "Nismo 400R" . JB car pages . http://www.jbskyline.net/Nismo400R/ . Retrieved 2008-10-26 .   ^ "REIMAX" . http://www.reimax.co.jp/ .   ^ "Nissan Skyline R34 Buying Guide - Skyline R34 Specs" . Strikeengine.com. 2007-05-04 . http://www.strikeengine.com/nissan-tuning/nissan-skyline-R34-buying-guide-history.html . Retrieved 2010-10-07 .   ^ R34 GT-R Model Configurations tyndago GT-R Blog. ^ Sports Compact Magazine - NISMO Z-Tune NISMO bought used GT-R V-Specs, each with less than 18K miles on the odometer, and stripped them to bare shells. ^ Z-Tune News: Z-Tune Discontinued nismo.co.jp . ^ Artemis Images - Akari Kameyama driving his Nissan Skyline in [ dead link ] ^ Artemis Images - Akira Kameyama driving his Nissan in 1996. He [ dead link ] ^ "Off Road: Rod Millen Wins Pikes Peak Hill Climb" . Theautochannel.com . http://www.theautochannel.com/news/date/19980706/news014236.html . Retrieved 2010-10-07 .   ^ Reece McGregor Driver Profile . sportscompactcar.com. ^ WORLD RECORD SMASHED IN AUSTRALIA . heat-treat.co.nz . 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Full�Details Stock List fife, scotland mvm imports �8,995 NISSAN SKYLINE R34 GTT TURBO [FULL BODYKIT �(1998) 64,500 miles, 2 Doors, Manual 5 speed, Coupe, Petrol, White. Space saver spare wheel, Remote central locking, ABS, Adjustable seats, Adjustable steering column/wheel, Air conditioning, ... Full�Details Stock List West Yorkshire WRC Sales Ltd �9,495 NISSAN SKYLINE R34 GT-T �(1998) 50,000 miles, 2 Doors, Manual, Coupe, Petrol, White. Trip computer, Steering wheel reach adjustment, Remote central locking, PAS, ABS, Air conditioning, Electric mirrors, Electric ... Full�Details Stock List West Yorkshire WRC Sales Ltd �9,995 23,000 KM STUNNING R34 GTR �(1999) WE HAVE THIS STUNNING LOW MILEGE R34 GTR AVAILABLE FOR IMPORT FROM JAPAN..IF YOUR INTERESTED IN JM-IMPORTS TO IMPORT YOU THIS CAR TO THE UK OR EUROPE..THEN WE ... Full�Details Stock List Newcastle Jm-Imports �29,000 STUNNING R34 GTR BLACK FRESH IMPORT �(1999) WE HAVE THIS STUNNING BLACK R34 GTR AVAILABLE FOR IMPORT FROM JAPAN..IF YOUR INTERESTED IN JM-IMPORTS TO IMPORT YOU THIS CAR TO THE UK OR EUROPE..THEN WE WILL ... Full�Details Stock List Newcastle Jm-Imports �26,000 STUNNING WHITE R34 GTR FRESH FROM JAPAN �(1999) WE HAVE THIS STUNNING WHITE R34 GTR AVAILABLE FOR IMPORT FROM JAPAN..IF YOUR INTERESTED IN JM-IMPORTS TO IMPORT YOU THIS CAR TO THE UK OR EUROPE..THEN WE WILL ... Full�Details Stock List Newcastle Jm-Imports �24,500 previous 1 2 3 4 next Term & Conditions Hosted by Carrenza Copyright � PistonHeads.com � 1998-2010 || Browse Upload Create Account Sign In Search Nissan Skyline 1300 Hp Top Speed Runs runeuzer 11 videos Subscribe Subscribed Sign In or Sign Up now! Loading... Upgrade to Flash Player 10 for improved playback performance. Upgrade Now or More Info . close 3,352,783 Like Add to Share Embed Short URL Email MySpace orkut hi5 Blogger Live Spaces Bebo StumbleUpon Loading... This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Sign In or Sign Up now! runeuzer | October 21, 2005 | 2,303 likes, 217 dislikes Fastest Skyline R34 ive ever seen runeuzer | October 21, 2005 | 2,303 likes, 217 dislikes Fastest Skyline R34 ive ever seen Category: Autos & Vehicles Tags: Nissan Skyline 1300 Hp Top Speed Runs Link to this comment: Share to: Highest Rated Comments northsidemarine 4 months ago 61 they would have to clean my shit off the seat if i ever got to drive that. northsidemarine 4 months ago 61 laner2281 2 months ago 11 passed the sound barrier!??! You fuckin idiot!!! 340.29 m/s or 1225.044 km/h skyline???? Good luck !!! laner2281 2 months ago 11 see all Video Responses 0:35 Add to Added to queue Nissan Skyline Compilation {HD} by ajp42109 1,257 views 1:05 Add to Added to queue GTA IV Car Mod - Nissan Skyline R34 GT-R Z-tune by Pr0mowicz 22,323 views see all All Comments (2,982) Respond to this video... Sign In or Sign Up now to post a comment! uscatucoke 5 days ago @laner2281 lol, who said he passed sound parrier? :))))) uscatucoke 5 days ago MrBboyTomy 1 week ago slabí MrBboyTomy 1 week ago damncritics 1 week ago i expected a lot more from a car like that :( damncritics 1 week ago battlefieldchris 1 week ago Im no expert, but that car must have twin vtec maybe even quad v tec. Does it have the h22 motor or is it a k20. I dont think its a b16. Anyways its fast. Like I said though Im no expert, but everyone else on youtube is. battlefieldchris 1 week ago emtildeath 1 week ago @battlefieldchris What the fuck have you been smoking kid ? Honda do VTEC. Nissan use VVL, and only in Primeras and Bluebirds. NEVER in a Skyline. Do your homework before you comment son :-) emtildeath 1 week ago emtildeath 1 week ago @battlefieldchris No mate Skylines do not have vtec. Nissan uses VVL, which is similar, but its only used on the Nissan Primera and the Nissan BlueBird and Nissan Wingroad. The most powerful egine Nissan uses it in is the SR20VET which runs a Garret Turbo. It has never seen the light of day in a Skyline. Th new GTR uses it, butthat is not a Skyline. Like mrkayaker up above. I also work for Nissan. So please stop talking crap :-) emtildeath 1 week ago emtildeath 1 week ago @battlefieldchris Actually you are very wrong, for a start its VVL not vtec. VVL is only found in NIssan Primera, Nissan Bluebird and Nissan Wingroad. There are two variatiosns of VVL But has never seen the light of day in a Skyline. The new GTR uses aform of VVL, but that isn't a Skyline. emtildeath 1 week ago MrJuanmireles 1 week ago hahahah 217 people were police officers!! MrJuanmireles 1 week ago kamikaze69100 1 week ago FUCKING BULLET! lmao.. that sounded bad ass when it was comin up on the camera kamikaze69100 1 week ago Kubi1993p 1 week ago @battlefieldchris  holy shit! never saw such an idiot before!! twin vtec...LoL vtex+skyline...LoL you dont know anything about cars. Kubi1993p 1 week ago View all Comments » 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next Reply Block User Unblock User Loading... 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